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Thursday, May 20, 2010

In 500 Days, the Internet Will Run Out of IP Addresses!

Everyone in the world is very much familiar about the Internet. Now aroused a problem of shortage even for the ip address too.

Internet apocalypse seems imminent. In approximately 500 days, it has emerged, IP addresses used to distinguish one computer from another will run out.

The unique numbers, which are known as Internet protocol addresses, help identify the world's networked devices.


An IP address uses four numbers from 0 to 255 to distinguish one computer from another. There are more than four billion combinations. But the proliferation of networked devices means soon that will no longer be enough.

In a way, IP addresses are like phone numbers, which need to be entered correctly if a right connection is to be made. So the ability to uniquely identify everything in the computer world is essential.

IP addresses are like phone numbers in another way, too.

Just as India has to move from ten-digit mobile numbers to eleven digits in the future, massive change will now be required globally to resolve the problem.

However, there's a complication.

"Unlike the telephone system, it's not easy to just add more digits"


But every web server, every iPhone, every router and everything else - possibly billions of devices - will need to be reconfigured or upgraded.

"The idea that every last one has to go back into the doctor for a new transplant does sound a bit frightening. It's almost like having to teach every device a new language"

Fortunately, a new language exists.

Computers now use IP version 4 and have since the 1980s. Its replacement is version 6, known as IPv6. For humans, little will change.

The traditional way we visit a website, by typing google.com or facebook.com, won't be any different and personal computers will automatically use IPv4 or IPv6 as required.

The impending shortage has been apparent for more than a decade as the volume of networked devices has escalated but inertia has stymied efforts to prepare for IPv6.

While personal computers have been capable of understanding IPv6 since Windows XP and Apple OS X, only about 5 percent of devices are configured to do so. Among web servers, the figure is less than 1 per cent.

Internode is one of the few Internet service providers that offers an IPv6 service. Telstra is among the many that do not. Tens of millions of mobile phones are on an IPv4 network only.

In India, there is no talk about IPv6 Implementation at all. In order to implement, it needs large amount of investment for the hardware and software upgradation of the telecom equipments.

Technically, it's not all that difficult to enable IPv6. Logistically, it's a horrendous challenge, and the conversion can involve substantial costs, with little in return.

"It doesn't make your Internet any shinier or any brighter, so we the customers won't like to pay more for that and we won't do it"

At last, we will get to a point where large numbers of people will no longer be able to see everything on the Internet.

So far, the dwindling storehouse of IP addresses has been managed with trickery that translates one IP address to another.

But by about late September next year, the key body that distributes IP addresses will run out of them. Three months after that, every drop in the pipeline will dry up and the only way to get an IPv4 address will be to buy one from someone else.

Lacking that, consumers whose computers are not configured to use IPv6 won't see new websites. Likewise, iPhones, which don't understand IPv6, will be limited to the "old" Internet.

For businesses that are not prepared, this could spell trouble. Unless web servers and mobile phone services are configured to send information via IPv4 as well as IPv6, companies could be left with a fraction of their current customers.

The good news is that once IPv6 is in place, it should satisfy demand as far as a computer can calculate.

"If every single address was one grain of sand, in IPv6 we could build 300 million planets the size of Earth"

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